2.7. Cleaning and lubrication
2.7.1. The rifle should be cleaned in the following cases:
a. when preparing the rifle for firing;
b. after firing with live and blank ammunition, immediately
after finishing the fire;
c. after guard duty or field exercises without firing, just on
return to the barracks;
d. in combat situation and prolonged tactical exercises, daily
during lulls of the fight and during the intervals in the exercises;
e. if the sniper rifle is not in use, at least once a week.
2.7.2. Lubricate the sniper rifle after cleaning. Apply lubricant
only to the well-cleaned and dry surfaces of the metal immediately
after cleaning to avoid the adverse effect of moisture on the metal.
2.7.3. For cleaning and lubricating the rifle
following materials are used:
- liquid rifle oil for cleaning the rifle and lubricating its parts
and mechanism, when the ambient temperature is within +50 grad. C to -50 grad. C;
- rifle oil for lubricating the barrel bore, the rifle parts and
mechanisms after their cleaning, the said oil is used when the
ambient temperature exceeds +5 grad C;
- RCHS solution for scouring out the barrel bore and other
parts affected by the powder gases.
Note - The RCHS solution is prepared in a subunit. The composition of the
solution is as follows:
- drinking water - 1 L;
- ammonium carbonate - 200 g;
- potassium bichromate - 3-5 g.
The RCHS solution is prepared in the amount required for scouring the weapon
in the course of 24 hours. Small amount of the RCHS solution may be stored in
tightly plugged glass vessels, away from heaters (in a dark place) for not more
than 7 days.
It is prohibited to fill the oilers with the азб solution.
- waste or special paper KB-22 for wiping, scouring and lubricating the
sniper rifle;
- tow free from boon only for scouring the barrel bore out.
2.7.4. To clean the sniper rifle, proceed as
follows:
a. Prepare materials for cleaning and lubrication;
b. Disassemble the sniper rifle;
c. Prepare accessories for use during cleaning;
d. Scour out the barrel bore.
To scour out the barrel bore with liquid rifle oil put the tow on
the scourer end and place the tow fibres along the scourer rod;
soak the tow in liquid rifle oil. Insert the cleaning rod with the
scourer and the tow into the barrel bore and secure the container
cover on the flash eliminator. Holding the rifle with one hand
smoothly move the scourer with the tow forward along the entire
length of the barrel bore several times. Remove the cleaning rod,
change the tow, soak it in liquid rifle oil and, adhering to the
above procedure, scour the bore several times. Then thoroughly
wipe the barrel bore with the clean dry tow, then with a clean
waste cloth. To clean the barrel bore with the азб solution, use
the brush soaked in the solution; then wipe the barrel bore with
tow. Proceed with cleaning the bore with the RCHS solution to completely
remove the fouling. Having cleaned the rifled portion of the
bore, clean the cartridge chamber.
e. Clean the gas chamber and the gas tube with the help of the
cleaning rod or a wooden stick, wrapped with waste cloth around,
washed with liquid rifle oil or the азб solution; wipe the gas
chamber and the gas tube dry after they have been cleaned; wipe
the barrel bore with waste cloth once more and inspect it to see
that no tow, waste cloth, rags or foreign matter are left therein;
f. Clean the receiver, the bolt and the gas piston with waste
cloth soaked in liquid rifle oil or the азб solution, then wipe them
dry;
g. Wipe dry the rest metal parts with waste cloth;
h. Wipe the wooden parts with dry waste cloth.
2.7.5. Lubricate the sniper rifle as follows:
a. Lubricate the barrel bore with the help of the scourer and the
waste cloth, soaked in lubricant; lubricate the cartridge chamber;
b. Lubricate all the remaining metal parts and mechanisms with
oiled waste cloth;
c. Apply a thin layer of lubricant, as excessive lubrication
tends to increase soiling of the rifle parts and may result in
stoppages during firing;
d. Do not lubricate wooden parts.
2.7.6. Assemble the rifle and check the functioning of its parts
and mechanisms.
2.7.7. Wipe the external surfaces of the optical sight with clean
waste cloth. Remove the cap of the reticle illuminating set and
wipe the cell, the body and the cap. Should the surfaces of the
objective and eyepiece lenses be soiled, wipe them with cloth.
Never wipe the lenses and glasses with a waste cloth, already used
for wiping other parts of the sight. Do not lubricate them or touch
with fingers. It is prohibited to strip the sight.
2.8. Storage and transportation of rifle
2.8.1. The rifle should be always kept unloaded, the optical sight
and the magazine should be detached, the knife bayonet removed,
the hammer released from the cocking cam, the rifle set at safe,
the sight slide set at the division "n".
2.8.2. In barracks and in camp keep the rifle in arm racks, keep
the optical sight covered, keep magazines, a carrier for the sight
and magazines, the knife bayonet in scabbard, a bag for the SPTA,
the sling for carrying the small arms and accessories in a special
section of the same arm rack. The carrier for the optical sight and
the magazines, the slip cover and the sling should be clean and dry.
2.8.3. In case of a temporary stay in some building keep the
rifle in a dry place, away from a door, stoves and heaters. In combat
situation hold the rifle with the hands.
2.8.4. In field exercises and on march, carry the rifle in the
"slung" position. The sling should be so adjusted as to prevent the
rifle from striking against the hard objects of the accoutrements.
The rifle is carried with one magazine attached. The rest magazines
are in the carrier.
2.8.5. When travelling by trucks or armoured personnel carriers
hold the rifle between the knees, in the vertical position, and when
travelling by tanks hold the rifle with the hands, taking care to
protect from striking against the armour.
2.8.6. When transported by railway or by water, place the rifle
on a special arm rack. If the carriage or the ship is not furnished
with arm racks, hold the rifle with the hands or put it on the shelf,
in doing so make sure that it will not drop or be damaged.
2.8.7. To prevent the barrel from building or rupture, never plug
the bore with anything.
2.8.8. Prevent the optical sight from dropping, protect it from
sharp blows and jolts, and prevent moisture and dust from getting
inside the optics. Keep the optical sight protected with the cover in
dry heated premises; if the sight is attached to the rifle, but fire is
not delivered, protect the sight with its slip cover. Wipe thoroughly
wet sights with dry waste cloth, and dry the slip covers. It is
prohibited to keep the sights near stoves and bonfire.
2182-94
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